Lateral plantar artery
By : Aisha MohammedDefinition
It is one of the small arteries of the lower limb located at the sole of foot and provides its blood supply. Along with the lateral plantar nerve and vein, it forms the lateral neurovascular cord of the foot. It is the largest terminal branch of the posterior tibial artery. It runs lateral and anterolateral to the lateral plantar nerve.
Origin
The lateral plantar artery is the largest terminal branch of the posterior tibial artery. The posterior tibial artery is the posterior branch of the popliteal artery. The popliteal artery, which is the continuation of the femoral artery which is the continuation of external iliac artery ,which is one of the branches of the common iliac artery, which is a division of the abdominal aorta.
(Abdominal Aorta > Right / Left Common Iliac Artery > Right External Iliac Artery > Femoral Artery > Popliteal Artery > Posterior Tibial Artery > lateral Plantar Artery)
(Abdominal Aorta > Right / Left Common Iliac Artery > Right External Iliac Artery > Femoral Artery > Popliteal Artery > Posterior Tibial Artery > lateral Plantar Artery)
Arising
It arises deep to the flexor retinaculum of the foot, at the middle of way between the medial malleolus and the medial calcaneal tubercle.
Course and Relations
It passes anterolaterally into the sole of the foot.
-At first it passes:
Deep to : the proximal end of the abductor hallucis muscle
Between : the flexor accessorius (also known as Quadratus plantae) and flexor digitorum brevis muscles
-To the fifth metatarsal base :
It passes distally and laterally, lateral to the lateral plantar nerve.
Note: The medial and lateral plantar nerves lie between the corresponding plantar arteries.
-Turning medially : when it courses with the deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve, it reaches the space between the first and second metatarsal bases, and unites with the deep plantar artery to complete the deep plantar arch.
-At first it passes:
Deep to : the proximal end of the abductor hallucis muscle
Between : the flexor accessorius (also known as Quadratus plantae) and flexor digitorum brevis muscles
-To the fifth metatarsal base :
It passes distally and laterally, lateral to the lateral plantar nerve.
Note: The medial and lateral plantar nerves lie between the corresponding plantar arteries.
-Turning medially : when it courses with the deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve, it reaches the space between the first and second metatarsal bases, and unites with the deep plantar artery to complete the deep plantar arch.
It supplies
Muscles
-Quadratus plantae
-Adductor hallucis
-Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Cutaneously : it supplies the skin of lateral aspect of sole and also by passing through the flexor retinaculum,sometimes, it supplies the medial side of the heel.
-Quadratus plantae
-Adductor hallucis
-Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Cutaneously : it supplies the skin of lateral aspect of sole and also by passing through the flexor retinaculum,sometimes, it supplies the medial side of the heel.
Branches
1.Muscular branches supply the adjoining muscles.
2.Superficial branches supply the skin and the subcutaneous tissue along the lateral sole
3.Anastomotic branches pass to the lateral border of the foot
4.Adjoining branches of the lateral tarsal and arcuate arteries
5.A calcaneal branch sometimes pierces abductor hallucis to supply the skin of the heel.
2.Superficial branches supply the skin and the subcutaneous tissue along the lateral sole
3.Anastomotic branches pass to the lateral border of the foot
4.Adjoining branches of the lateral tarsal and arcuate arteries
5.A calcaneal branch sometimes pierces abductor hallucis to supply the skin of the heel.
Termination
It terminates at the base of the fifth metatarsal bone and unites with dorsalis pedis to complete the plantar arterial arch.
Surface anatomy
The lateral plantar artery arises between the medial malleolus and the heel.
Obliquely, it courses to a point 2.5 cm medial to the 5thmetatarsal tuberosity. With a slight distal convexity, it reaches the proximal end of the first intermetatarsal space.
Obliquely, it courses to a point 2.5 cm medial to the 5thmetatarsal tuberosity. With a slight distal convexity, it reaches the proximal end of the first intermetatarsal space.
Cadavers
Cadaver shows the beginning of lateral plantar artery (Medial side of foot)
Cadaver shows the course of lateral plantar artery (plantar side of foot)
Refrences
• Adam W. M. Mitchell, Richard L. Drake, and Wayne Vogl’s Gray's Anatomy for Students. 4th edition/ Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. / pages (653 - 665.Fig. 6.136)
• Adam W. M. Mitchell, Richard L. Drake, Richard M. Tibbitts, Paul E. Richardson ,and Wayne Vogl’s Gray's atlas of Anatomy 2nd edition/ Copyright © 2015, 2008 by ChurchillLivingstone, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. / pages (362)
• Anne MR Agur, Arthur F Dalley, and Keith L. Moore’s Clinically Oriented Anatomy 8th edition/ Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer / pages (776.FIGURE 7 .73.-779)
• Byas Deb Ghosh 's Human Anatomy for Students. 2nd edition.copyright © 2013, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers. Pages (349)
• Susan Standring, Neel Anand, Rolfe Birch, Patricia Collins, Alan R Crossman, Michael Gleeson , Girish Jawaheer, Ariana L Smith, Jonathan D Spratt, Mark D Stringer, R Shane Tubbs, Richard Tunstall, Alan J Wein, Caroline B Wigley ‘s Gray's Anatomy The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. copyright © 2016, Elsevier Limited. Forty-first edition. Pages(1321.Fig. 78.5-1331-1414-1418-1444)
• Kenneth Prakash Moses, John C. Banks, Jr., Pedro B. Nava, Darrell K. Petersen, ‘ s ATLAS OF CLINICAL GROSS ANATOMY.Copyright © 2013, 2005, by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.second eidtion.pages(604.FIGURE 47.12)
• J.A. Gosling, P.F. Harris, J.R. Humpherson, I. Whitmore and P.L.T. Willan ‘s Human Anatomy Color Atlas and Textbook.copyright© 2008, Elsevier Limited.Fifth edition.pages(256.Fig. 6.5)
• Posterior tibial artery for Jana Vasković, Reviewer: Dimitrios Mytilinaios.kenhub.
https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/posterior-tibial-artery
• Adam W. M. Mitchell, Richard L. Drake, Richard M. Tibbitts, Paul E. Richardson ,and Wayne Vogl’s Gray's atlas of Anatomy 2nd edition/ Copyright © 2015, 2008 by ChurchillLivingstone, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. / pages (362)
• Anne MR Agur, Arthur F Dalley, and Keith L. Moore’s Clinically Oriented Anatomy 8th edition/ Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer / pages (776.FIGURE 7 .73.-779)
• Byas Deb Ghosh 's Human Anatomy for Students. 2nd edition.copyright © 2013, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers. Pages (349)
• Susan Standring, Neel Anand, Rolfe Birch, Patricia Collins, Alan R Crossman, Michael Gleeson , Girish Jawaheer, Ariana L Smith, Jonathan D Spratt, Mark D Stringer, R Shane Tubbs, Richard Tunstall, Alan J Wein, Caroline B Wigley ‘s Gray's Anatomy The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. copyright © 2016, Elsevier Limited. Forty-first edition. Pages(1321.Fig. 78.5-1331-1414-1418-1444)
• Kenneth Prakash Moses, John C. Banks, Jr., Pedro B. Nava, Darrell K. Petersen, ‘ s ATLAS OF CLINICAL GROSS ANATOMY.Copyright © 2013, 2005, by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.second eidtion.pages(604.FIGURE 47.12)
• J.A. Gosling, P.F. Harris, J.R. Humpherson, I. Whitmore and P.L.T. Willan ‘s Human Anatomy Color Atlas and Textbook.copyright© 2008, Elsevier Limited.Fifth edition.pages(256.Fig. 6.5)
• Posterior tibial artery for Jana Vasković, Reviewer: Dimitrios Mytilinaios.kenhub.
https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/posterior-tibial-artery
