Upper Triangular Space
By : Amna MohammedDefinition
It is an intermuscular space, also known as medial triangle space , medial axillary space or foramen omotricipitale
Location
Located below the shoulder (glenohumeral) joint.
The borders
has 3 borders
Superiorly: Teres minor m.
Inferiorly: Terse major m.
Laterally: The long head of the triceps m.
Superiorly: Teres minor m.
Inferiorly: Terse major m.
Laterally: The long head of the triceps m.
Note\ For some sources, there is a diversity to the muscle that is considered as the superior border, in the anterior view, the subscapularis m. appears as the superior border, in the posterior view, the teres minor appears as the superior border.
Triangle space
Posterior view, right upper limb.
The contents
There is one artery that passes through it (1artery):
1. Circumflex scapular artery
Is a branch of the subscapular artery that arises from the 3rd part of the axillary artery & passes through the triangle space between the subscapularis m. superiorly & the teres major m. inferiorly, continues to share with anastomosis around the scapula.
1. Circumflex scapular artery
Is a branch of the subscapular artery that arises from the 3rd part of the axillary artery & passes through the triangle space between the subscapularis m. superiorly & the teres major m. inferiorly, continues to share with anastomosis around the scapula.
Axillary artery (3rd part) ——> Subscapular artery
——> Circumflex capular artery.
——> Circumflex capular artery.
Posterior view, right upper limb.
Clinical importance
In some studies, a connection between the axillary nodes & the back lymphatic vessels has been discovered & the upper triangle space has a role in the passageway of these vessels through it, in some cases of skin cancer of the back, these vessels work to transfer cancer & helped to diffuse it.
Posterior view, right upper limb.
A simple way to memorize the borders of the anatomical spaces in the upper limb.
References
Snell’s Clinical Anatomy By Regions (10th Edition) 374
Moore-Clinically Oriented Anatomy (7th Edition) 717-718
Gray’s Anatomy for Students (4th Edition)710.
BD_Chaurasia’s_Human_Anatomy, Volume 1 - Upper Limb Thorax (6th Edition) 71
Advanced Techniques in Musculoskeletal Medicine & Physiotherapy 113
A Triangular Intermuscular Space Sentinel Node in Melanoma: Association With Axillary Lymphatic Drainage- PubMed- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3033783/
Gray’s Anatomy for Students (4th Edition)
Fig cover-705(7.37)
Fig3-707(7.38),Fig4-709(7.39)
Grant’s Atlas Of Anatomy (13th Edition )
Fig1-536 (6.42) ,Fig2-518 (6.28)
Fig5- https://youtu.be/YetQwcWCuFQ
Fig 6-The way to memorize- Pinterest- https://pin.it/10zLzjN
Snell’s Clinical Anatomy By Regions (10th Edition) 374
Moore-Clinically Oriented Anatomy (7th Edition) 717-718
Gray’s Anatomy for Students (4th Edition)710.
BD_Chaurasia’s_Human_Anatomy, Volume 1 - Upper Limb Thorax (6th Edition) 71
Advanced Techniques in Musculoskeletal Medicine & Physiotherapy 113
A Triangular Intermuscular Space Sentinel Node in Melanoma: Association With Axillary Lymphatic Drainage- PubMed- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3033783/
Gray’s Anatomy for Students (4th Edition)
Fig cover-705(7.37)
Fig3-707(7.38),Fig4-709(7.39)
Grant’s Atlas Of Anatomy (13th Edition )
Fig1-536 (6.42) ,Fig2-518 (6.28)
Fig5- https://youtu.be/YetQwcWCuFQ
Fig 6-The way to memorize- Pinterest- https://pin.it/10zLzjN
